Alberts SR, Gores GJ, Kim GP, et al. (2007) Treatment options for hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer. Mayo Clin Proc, 82(5):628-637
Symptoms, if present, include abdominal discomfort, night sweats, low-grade fever, weight loss, and anorexia. Results of liver serum biochemical tests are nonspecific and can even be normal. Serum tumor markers such as CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen may be elevated. Compared with HCCs, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas on cross-sectional abdominal imaging by CT or magnetic resonance imaging do not demonstrate the same degree of contrast enhancement during arterialphase studies. However, delayed peripheral venous–phase enhancement is common.
Symptoms, if present, include abdominal discomfort, night sweats, low-grade fever, weight loss, and anorexia. Results of liver serum biochemical tests are nonspecific and can even be normal. Serum tumor markers such as CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen may be elevated. Compared with HCCs, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas on cross-sectional abdominal imaging by CT or magnetic resonance imaging do not demonstrate the same degree of contrast enhancement during arterialphase studies. However, delayed peripheral venous–phase enhancement is common.
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